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Al-Ashraf Musa, Emir of Homs
Al-Ashraf Musa (1229–1263), fully Al-Ashraf Musa ibn al-Mansur Ibrahim ((アラビア語:الأشرف موسى بن المنصور ابراهيم)), was the last Ayyubid prince (''emir'') of Homs, a city located in the central region of modern-day Syria. His rule began in June 1246, but was temporarily cut short in 1248 after he was forced to surrender Homs and then given Tall Bashir by his cousin an-Nasir Yusuf, the Emir of Aleppo. For a short period of time during Mongol rule in 1260, al-Ashraf served as Viceroy of Syria, although the position was largely nominal. He helped achieve the Mongols' defeat at the hands of the Egypt-based Mamluks by withdrawing his troops from the Mongol coalition during the Battle of Ain Jalut as part of a secret agreement with the Mamluk sultan Qutuz. Following the Mamluk victory, al-Ashraf was reinstated as Emir of Homs as a Mamluk vassal, but was stripped of his viceroy position. Since he left no heirs, after his death, Homs was incorporated into the Mamluk Sultanate.
==Ayyubid emir of Homs==
At age 17, al-Ashraf inherited the principality of Homs after the death of his father, al-Mansur Ibrahim, in 1246. Homs was one of the smaller kingdoms within the confederate Ayyubid empire and was usually dominated by its larger neighbors, but it gained influence during the reign of al-Mansur. Following his death, the role of Homs within the empire largely diminished.〔Humphreys, p.288.〕 From this position of weakness, al-Ashraf arrived at as-Salih Ayyub's court in Damascus during the spring of 1247 in order to gain his patronage. As-Salih, the sultan of Egypt and Damascus, was the strongest Ayyubid ''emir'' ("prince") at the time and least inclined to central rule, which mean that al-Ashraf could rule Homs with relative autonomy.〔Humphreys, p.291.〕 To cement this patron-client relationship, al-Ashraf ceded control of Salamiyah, an important stronghold located north of Homs, to as-Salih.〔Humphreys, p.293.〕
Fearing this alliance would undermine his position, an-Nasir Yusuf, the Ayyubid emir of Aleppo and al-Ashraf's cousin, reacted by attempting to annex Homs. As a result, al-Ashraf sent urgent pleas to as-Salih to aid him against an-Nasir. As-Salih agreed and personally led his troops from Egypt into Syria, but he fell ill and the planned assault against an-Nasir's forces were delayed. By mid-August 1248, al-Ashraf was forced to surrender Homs. Based on the terms of his surrender, he was allowed to maintain control of the desert fortress of Palmyra and al-Rahba, a fortified site situated along the northern banks of the Euphrates River. In place of Homs, he was granted the outpost of Tall Bashir to govern from, even though it was isolated from his remaining territories.〔Humphreys, pp.294-295.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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